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The main features of a CNC four-axis machining center are as follows:
Author:
What are the main features of a CNC four-axis machining center? Below, I will introduce them to you. Compared with ordinary machine tools, it has the following characteristics.
(1) Strong adaptability
It is suitable for processing complex workpieces in single or small batch production. CNC four-axis can process many shapes that are difficult or impossible for ordinary machine tools to handle. This includes propellers. This is because CNC machine tools have multi-axis linkage capabilities, allowing the tool to move along a spatial curve trajectory. Therefore, it is first applied in fields such as aerospace and is also widely used in the processing of complex surface molds, propellers, and turbine blades.
When changing processing parts, it is only necessary to change the corresponding processing program to process the new parts, without the need to manufacture or replace many tools and fixtures, nor to readjust the machine tool, etc. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for single-piece, small-batch part processing and trial production of new products.
(2) High processing accuracy
Product quality is stable. The transmission components of the CNC four-axis, especially the ball screw, have high manufacturing precision. During assembly, transmission gaps are eliminated, and measures to improve rigidity are taken, resulting in high transmission accuracy. The guide rails of CNC machine tools use rolling guides or are coated with friction resistance, eliminating low-speed crawling. In closed-loop and semi-closed-loop servo systems, high-precision position detection components are installed to feedback position errors to the computer at any time, allowing for timely correction of errors, enabling CNC machine tools to achieve very high processing accuracy.
In addition, the CNC four-axis processing process is fully automated, eliminating human errors from operators, resulting in good dimensional consistency of parts in the same batch and very stable processing quality.
(3) High productivity
The required time includes maneuvering time and auxiliary time. Both of these time components can be effectively reduced, with the spindle speed and tool feed speed having a wider adjustment range than ordinary machine tools, and the machine tool has good rigidity. Quick movement and stopping use acceleration and deceleration measures, which can improve the speed of idle travel while ensuring positioning accuracy, effectively reducing maneuvering time.
In addition, due to high positioning accuracy, the number of downtime inspections is reduced, and processing preparation time is shortened by using universal tool fixtures, thus reducing auxiliary time. Statistics show that productivity is 2 to 3 times higher than that of ordinary machine tools. When processing some complex parts, the productivity of CNC machine tools can increase by dozens of times.
It reduces labor intensity and improves working conditions. CNC four-axis is used for automated processing, allowing for automatic tool changes, switching cutting fluids, and automatic speed changes. Most operations do not require manual completion, thus improving working conditions. With fewer operator errors, the scrap rate and defective product rate are reduced.
What are the factors affecting the processing accuracy of CNC four-axis?
1. The errors of CNC four-axis processing tools and fixtures. Different types of tools have different impacts on processing accuracy. For ordinary cutting tools such as turning tools and milling cutters, several manufacturing errors do not directly affect processing accuracy.
2. Machine tool wear and geometric errors. These errors are mainly reflected in: spindle rotation errors, guide rail errors, and transmission chain errors.
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